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Unit of study_

PHAR4823: Pharmacy Services and Public Health

Semester 1, 2023 [Normal day] - Camperdown/Darlington, Sydney

This unit of study will focus on the role of pharmacy in public health and health promotion, and on developing students' understanding of the Australian Health Care System, health policy and regulation affecting health in Australia and internationally. We will develop students' skills in identifying, accessing and interpreting relevant policy, regulation and research literature. Topics which underpin understanding of public health including epidemiology/pharmacoepidemiology and pharmacoeconomics will also be addressed. Through workshops and assignments, students will be given the opportunity to integrate their learning and apply this knowledge to address population health care problems with a special emphasis on achieving the quality, safety and judicious use of medicines in health care

Unit details and rules

Unit code PHAR4823
Academic unit Pharmacy
Credit points 6
Prohibitions
? 
None
Prerequisites
? 
PHAR3100 and PHAR3815 and PHAR3825 and PHAR3816 and PHAR3817 and PHAR3818 and PHAR3819 and PHAR3826 and PHAR3827 and PHAR3820
Corequisites
? 
(PHAR4814 or PHAR4815 or WORK3202 or WORK2222) and PHAR4100
Assumed knowledge
? 

None

Available to study abroad and exchange students

Yes

Teaching staff

Coordinator Barbara Mintzes, barbara.mintzes@sydney.edu.au
Lecturer(s) Barbara Mintzes, barbara.mintzes@sydney.edu.au
Tutor(s) Sarab Mansoor, sarab.mansoor@sydney.edu.au
Alex de Souza, alexandra.desouza@sydney.edu.au
Annim Mohammad, annim.mohammad@sydney.edu.au
Ashleigh Hooimeyer, ashleigh.hooimeyer@sydney.edu.au
Alex Clough, alexander.clough@sydney.edu.au
Jessica Pace, jessica.pace@sydney.edu.au
Type Description Weight Due Length
Supervised exam
? 
hurdle task
Final exam
MCQ (45 questions) and SAQ (5 questions)
40% Formal exam period 1.5 hours
Outcomes assessed: LO1 LO2 LO3 LO4 LO5 LO6
Participation Workshop participation and pre-work
Participation in workshops and in some lectures; pre-work submission
10% Ongoing n/a
Outcomes assessed: LO1 LO6 LO5 LO4 LO3 LO2
Tutorial quiz Week 6 tutorial quiz (workshop 4)
On-line CANVAS quiz
3% Week 06
Due date: 28 Mar 2023 at 11:00

Closing date: 30 Mar 2023
15 minutes; 10 MCQ questions
Outcomes assessed: LO1 LO2 LO3 LO4 LO5 LO6
Online task Research skills: searching for team project references
Assignment
5% Week 07
Due date: 06 Apr 2023 at 23:59
Four questions; total = 400 - 800 words
Outcomes assessed: LO1 LO2 LO5
Presentation group assignment Team project A: first 'pitch' presentation
Oral presentation
5% Week 08 5 minutes + 5 min discussion
Outcomes assessed: LO1 LO2 LO3 LO4 LO5 LO6
Presentation group assignment Team project B: Final presentation
Oral presentation
10% Week 11 10 minutes presentation +5 min discussio
Outcomes assessed: LO1 LO6 LO5 LO4 LO3 LO2
Assignment group assignment Team project C: Final report
Report
25% Week 13
Due date: 26 May 2023 at 23:59
10 pages + title page, refs & appendix
Outcomes assessed: LO1 LO6 LO5 LO4 LO3 LO2
Online task Teamwork peer review
Own and peer review of contribution to teamwork.
2% Week 13
Due date: 26 May 2023 at 23:59
100 - 200 word reflection
Outcomes assessed: LO6
hurdle task = hurdle task ?
group assignment = group assignment ?

Assessment summary

  • Workshop participation and pre-work: Students are expected to actively participate in workshop activities, to complete and submit pre-work before each workshop, and to have done the relevant readings and either attended or listened to linked lectures.
  • Tutorial quiz: This in-class quiz during week 6 tutorials includes 10 multiple-choice questions on content covered in lectures and workshops during weeks 3 to 5. The quiz provides examples of the types of questions to be expected on the final exam and allows students to assess their progress partway through the semester. 
  • Reflective research skills assignment: In this individual assignment, which is submitted on-line, each student is asked to find and select three references each that will be useful for their team projects and to explain their literature search, why they selected these references, and why they judge the evidence to be trustworthy.
  • Team project A: 'pitch presentation': The aim of this first presentation is for teams to “pitch” their project and convince the audience of the need for an intervention. This 'pitch' can be to a community group, funder, or government body. The main focus is on the health risk, why an intervention is needed, and why a specific region or community was selected. 
  • Team project B: final presentation: This presentation describes the team’s planned intervention, including background information on the health risk, why an intervention is needed, previous experience, details of intervention activities, and how success will be evaluated.
  • Team project C: final report: The final report on the team’s public health intervention should include the public health issue, region and at-risk population addressed, and the planned intervention. It includes background research on epidemiology and on the effectiveness of previous interventions to address the issue.
  • Final examination: The final examination is framed around the course learning objectives and focuses on the main content in the lectures and workshops. There will be 1-2 exam questions per lecture and 2 exam questions per workshop (total of 45 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions).
  • Reflective peer review of groupwork: Students are asked to reflect on their own and their fellow team members' contributions to the team project. This assignment is submitted on-line.

PLEASE NOTE: Supplementary Yr assessments: Students may be offered re-assessment of compulsory-to-pass assessments, in the main Exam and RE1 and RE2 Exam periods at the end of the year, as described in the Final Year Rule (2022). For more information see the announcement on the Canvas Year site.

Repeating students: Exemption from components (tutorials, workshops) for students repeating PHAR4823 will not be granted, except in exceptional circumstances by the Year co-ordinator/ BPharm Program Director.

Detailed information for each assessment can be found on Canvas.

Assessment criteria

The University awards common result grades, set out in the Coursework Policy (Schedule 1).

As a general guide, a high distinction indicates work of an exceptional standard, a distinction a very high standard, a credit a good standard, and a pass an acceptable standard.

Result name

Mark range

Description

High distinction

85 - 100

At HD level, a student demonstrates an aptitude for the subject and a well-developed understanding of the unit material. A ‘High Distinction’ reflects exceptional achievement and is awarded to students who demonstrate the ability to apply their subject knowledge and understanding to produce original solutions for novel or highly complex problems and/or comprehensive critical discussions of theoretical concepts.

Distinction

75 - 84

At DI level, a student demonstrates an aptitude for the subject and a well-developed understanding of the units material. A ‘Distinction’ reflects excellent achievement and is awarded to a student who demonstrates an ability to apply their subject knowledge and understanding of the subject to produce good solutions for challenging problems and/or a reasonably well-developed critical analysis of theoretical concepts.

Credit

65 - 74

At CR level, a student demonstrates a good command and knowledge of the unit material. A ‘Credit’ reflects solid achievement and is awarded to a student who has a broad general understanding of the units material and can solve routine problems and/ or identify and superficially discuss theoretical concepts.

Pass

50 - 64

At PS level, a student demonstrates proficiency in the material. A ‘Pass’ reflects satisfactory adequately referencing the original source of the work.

Fail

0 - 49

When you don’t meet the learning outcomes of the unit to a satisfactory standard.

For more information see sydney.edu.au/students/guide-to-grades
 

For more information see guide to grades.

Late submission

In accordance with University policy, these penalties apply when written work is submitted after 11:59pm on the due date:

  • Deduction of 5% of the maximum mark for each calendar day after the due date.
  • After ten calendar days late, a mark of zero will be awarded.

Academic integrity

The Current Student website  provides information on academic integrity and the resources available to all students. The University expects students and staff to act ethically and honestly and will treat all allegations of academic integrity breaches seriously.  

We use similarity detection software to detect potential instances of plagiarism or other forms of academic integrity breach. If such matches indicate evidence of plagiarism or other forms of academic integrity breaches, your teacher is required to report your work for further investigation.

You may only use artificial intelligence and writing assistance tools in assessment tasks if you are permitted to by your unit coordinator, and if you do use them, you must also acknowledge this in your work, either in a footnote or an acknowledgement section.

Studiosity is permitted for postgraduate units unless otherwise indicated by the unit coordinator. The use of this service must be acknowledged in your submission.

Simple extensions

If you encounter a problem submitting your work on time, you may be able to apply for an extension of five calendar days through a simple extension.  The application process will be different depending on the type of assessment and extensions cannot be granted for some assessment types like exams.

Special consideration

If exceptional circumstances mean you can’t complete an assessment, you need consideration for a longer period of time, or if you have essential commitments which impact your performance in an assessment, you may be eligible for special consideration or special arrangements.

Special consideration applications will not be affected by a simple extension application.

Using AI responsibly

Co-created with students, AI in Education includes lots of helpful examples of how students use generative AI tools to support their learning. It explains how generative AI works, the different tools available and how to use them responsibly and productively.

WK Topic Learning activity Learning outcomes
Week 03 Workshop 1: Introduction to PHAR 4823 and team projects Workshop (1 hr) LO1 LO6
1. Introduction to PHAR4823; 2. Measures of health and illness Lecture (2 hr) LO1 LO5 LO6
3. History of public health 4. The role of the pharmacist in public health Lecture (2 hr) LO1 LO2 LO5 LO6
Week 04 Workshop 2: Peer education: SALSA Workshop (3 hr) LO1 LO6
5. Health Promotion Frameworks 6. Evaluation of health interventions Lecture (2 hr) LO1 LO2 LO3 LO6
7. Finding evidence 1: literature searches 8. Critical appraisal of health research Lecture (2 hr) LO2 LO5 LO6
Week 05 Workshop 3: Public health Workshop (3 hr) LO1 LO2 LO5 LO6
9. Introduction to Health Policy 10. Australian Health Care System Lecture (2 hr) LO2 LO3
11. Pharmacoepidemiology Part I 12. Pharmacoepidemiology Part II Lecture (2 hr) LO2 LO4 LO5 LO6
Week 06 Workshop 4: Public health interventions and planning your team project Workshop (3 hr) LO1 LO2 LO5 LO6
13. Indigenous Health 14. Obesity in the community Lecture (2 hr) LO1 LO2 LO3 LO5 LO6
15. Opioid policies 16.Q&A session - weeks 3 to 6 Lecture (2 hr) LO1 LO2 LO6
Week 07 Workshop 5: Pharmacoepidemiology Workshop (3 hr) LO5
17. Tobacco Control 18. Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme Lecture (2 hr) LO2 LO3 LO6
19. Pharmacoeconomics 20. Pharmacoeconomics Lecture (2 hr) LO2 LO3 LO5 LO6
Week 08 Workshop 6: Team 'Pitch' Presentation Workshop (3 hr) LO1 LO2 LO3 LO6
21. Mental health and the role of the pharmacist 22. Pharmaceutical advertising and promotion Lecture (2 hr) LO2 LO3 LO6
23. Drug and alcohol policies 24. Overdiagnosis and overtreatment Lecture (2 hr) LO1 LO2 LO3 LO6
Week 09 NPS MedicineWise on-line module on addressing medication errors (to be carried out on-line) Tutorial (1 hr) LO4
25. Vaccination and the role of the pharmacist 26. Screening: judging effectiveness Lecture (2 hr) LO2 LO3 LO6
27. Case studies of pharmacy based screening 28. Medication error and patient health Lecture (2 hr) LO2 LO3 LO4 LO6
Week 10 Workshop 7: Pharmacoeconomics Workshop (3 hr) LO3 LO5
29. Health literacy 30. Q&A weeks 7-9 Lecture (2 hr) LO1 LO6
31. Quality Use of Medicines 32. Infectious diseases and antibiotic stewardship Lecture (2 hr) LO2 LO3 LO4 LO6
Week 11 Workshop 8: Final team project presentations Workshop (3 hr) LO1 LO2 LO3 LO4 LO5 LO6
33. Corporate influences on public health 34. Public health ethics Lecture (2 hr) LO2 LO3 LO4 LO6
35. Case studies in regulation and public health 36. Q&A session weeks 10 & 11 Lecture (2 hr) LO2 LO3 LO4 LO6
Week 12 Workshop 9: Health communication and advertising Workshop (3 hr) LO2 LO4 LO5 LO6
36. Exam review 37. Exam review (repeated) Lecture (2 hr) LO1 LO2 LO3 LO4 LO5 LO6
Weekly Learning independently including pre-work, reports and assignments Independent study (56 hr) LO1 LO2 LO3 LO4 LO5 LO6

Attendance and class requirements

Attendance: In accordance with the Course resolutions on Attendance Requirements, students must attend a minimum of 85% tutorials/ workshops (8 of 9 workshops) to satisfy attendance requirements for this unit of study. For more information see Canvas site. 

If a tutorial/ workshop is missed due to illness or misadventure, students are to submit a special consideration application along with supporting documentation. 

Students arriving more than 10 minutes after the commencement of the laboratory / workshop / placement will be marked as unprofessional, which is a component of the class participation and professionalism assessment. Students swapping a class without prior approval from the UoS co-ordinator will be marked as unprofessional.

 

Study commitment

Typically, there is a minimum expectation of 1.5-2 hours of student effort per week per credit point for units of study offered over a full semester. For a 6 credit point unit, this equates to roughly 120-150 hours of student effort in total.

Required readings

Course textbook (available on-line via CANVAS Reading List):

Young TK. Population Health. Concepts and Methods. Oxford University Press. 2nd edition. 2005. Chapters 1 and 2, pp 1-24 and 25-69.

Additional core text for research skills content (also available on-line via CANVAS reading list):

Greenhalgh T. How to read a paper: the basics of evidence-based medicine. Wiley: 2014

All readings for this unit can be accessed through the Library’s reading list system Leganto, available on Canvas.

Learning outcomes are what students know, understand and are able to do on completion of a unit of study. They are aligned with the University's graduate qualities and are assessed as part of the curriculum.

At the completion of this unit, you should be able to:

  • LO1. demonstrate an understanding of public health practice and health promotion
  • LO2. demonstrate an understanding of the factors and tools used in developing health policy
  • LO3. demonstrate an understanding of the health care system in Australia
  • LO4. maximise patient safety through QUM and minimise and manage medicine error
  • LO5. demonstrate an understanding of key measures used to assess population health and the outcomes of medicine use at a population level
  • LO6. demonstrate an understanding of the role of the pharmacist in promoting public health.

Graduate qualities

The graduate qualities are the qualities and skills that all University of Sydney graduates must demonstrate on successful completion of an award course. As a future Sydney graduate, the set of qualities have been designed to equip you for the contemporary world.

GQ1 Depth of disciplinary expertise

Deep disciplinary expertise is the ability to integrate and rigorously apply knowledge, understanding and skills of a recognised discipline defined by scholarly activity, as well as familiarity with evolving practice of the discipline.

GQ2 Critical thinking and problem solving

Critical thinking and problem solving are the questioning of ideas, evidence and assumptions in order to propose and evaluate hypotheses or alternative arguments before formulating a conclusion or a solution to an identified problem.

GQ3 Oral and written communication

Effective communication, in both oral and written form, is the clear exchange of meaning in a manner that is appropriate to audience and context.

GQ4 Information and digital literacy

Information and digital literacy is the ability to locate, interpret, evaluate, manage, adapt, integrate, create and convey information using appropriate resources, tools and strategies.

GQ5 Inventiveness

Generating novel ideas and solutions.

GQ6 Cultural competence

Cultural Competence is the ability to actively, ethically, respectfully, and successfully engage across and between cultures. In the Australian context, this includes and celebrates Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultures, knowledge systems, and a mature understanding of contemporary issues.

GQ7 Interdisciplinary effectiveness

Interdisciplinary effectiveness is the integration and synthesis of multiple viewpoints and practices, working effectively across disciplinary boundaries.

GQ8 Integrated professional, ethical, and personal identity

An integrated professional, ethical and personal identity is understanding the interaction between one’s personal and professional selves in an ethical context.

GQ9 Influence

Engaging others in a process, idea or vision.

Outcome map

Learning outcomes Graduate qualities
GQ1 GQ2 GQ3 GQ4 GQ5 GQ6 GQ7 GQ8 GQ9

This section outlines changes made to this unit following staff and student reviews.

Changes have been incorporated into the lecture content and team assignments in response to student feedback: - a stronger emphasis on the role of the pharmacist in public health; - team project topics more closely aligned to pharmacy practice; - lectures to be held concurrently in person and 'live on zoom' in response to student preference; - interactive lecture sessions with breakout rooms and discussions; - final exam worth 40% of total mark, rather than 50% Two new assessments were trialed last year: - 5 lecture quizzes (students' best of 10 quiz marks); - individual briefing papers contributing to team project. I have reviewed results and decided not to maintain either assessment. The lecture quizzes did not meet learning objectives as students shared answers on-line; the individual briefing papers created a delay in team cohesion in too many cases. I have also shifted the approach to team peer review for better alignment with the University of Sydney's principles for teamwork. There are now 4 new assessments: - a tutorial quiz during week 6, worth only 3%, so students obtain an indication early on of their understanding of key concepts. This allows for targeted review of issues causing difficulty; - a research skills reflective assignment, co-designed by the librarian who teaches public health research skills in this UoS. This individual assignment (5% of mark) provides helpful background to students for their team project, and supports reflectivity and critical thinking. - a first 'pitch' presentation by the team, replacing the individual briefing papers last semester (supports teamwork and students obtain formative evaluation that will help build a stronger final project) - pass/fail reflective questions on own and peers' contributions to teamwork. This supports students' reflection on what went well and what could be improved next time. It replaces a peer review process that was more punitive in orientation (with students' marks reduced for inadequate team contributions) with a more positive approach to reflection on teamwork. This was developed in consultation with teamwork education design specialists. If any unresolvable difficulties arise with teamwork requiring re-adjustment of an individual student's marks, these can be addressed on a case-by-case basis.

More information related to this unit can be found on Canvas and will be provided in class. 

 

Additional costs

There are no additional costs for this unit.

Site visit guidelines

There are no site visit guidelines for this unit.

Work, health and safety

There are no specific WHS requirements for this unit.

Disclaimer

The University reserves the right to amend units of study or no longer offer certain units, including where there are low enrolment numbers.

To help you understand common terms that we use at the University, we offer an online glossary.