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Unit of study_

LAWS6008: Takeovers and Reconstructions

Semester 1, 2024 [Normal evening] - Castlereagh St, Sydney

This unit considers the Australian law and regulatory policies governing corporate control transactions. We examine the requirements for a successful acquisition by a bidder of 100% of the issued securities of a target corporation; why 100% ownership of the target is desirable; and how to achieve it if the bid falls short. We consider regulated takeover bids under Chapter 6 of the Corporations Act, and the available alternatives to a regulated bid, including members schemes of arrangement and other control-affecting transactions such as selective reductions of capital and share buy-backs. We also look at corporate control transactions from the targets point of view, considering the available defensive measures and how the law and regulatory policy impose limits on defensive strategies. We review the respective roles of the Takeovers Panel and courts. A special feature of this unit is the extensive experience in corporate control transactions that our team of lecturers will bring to the classroom, overseen by Dr Austin, a barrister and retired judge who is Challis Lecturer in Corporate Law. Further information about this unit is available in the Sydney Law School timetable https://canvas.sydney.edu.au/courses/4533/pages/postgraduate-lecture-timetable, unit of study outline https://www.sydney.edu.au/units and academic staff profile https://www.sydney.edu.au/law/about/our-people/academic-staff.html

Unit details and rules

Unit code LAWS6008
Academic unit Law
Credit points 6
Prohibitions
? 
None
Prerequisites
? 
None
Corequisites
? 
None
Assumed knowledge
? 

There are no prerequisite enrolment requirements. But students will be required to read and comprehend some technical material, including court judgments, Panel reasons for decisions, regulatory papers and academic literature

Available to study abroad and exchange students

No

Teaching staff

Coordinator Jason Harris, jason.harris@sydney.edu.au
Lecturer(s) Robert Austin, robert.austin@sydney.edu.au
Type Description Weight Due Length
Assignment Class Assignment 1 (20%)
Advice on class problem
20% Ongoing
Closing date: 21 Feb 2024
1400 words / up to 13 weeks
Outcomes assessed: LO1 LO2 LO3 LO4 LO5 LO6
Assignment Class Assignment 2 (20%)
Advice on class problem
20% Ongoing
Closing date: 21 Feb 2024
1400 words / up to 13 weeks
Outcomes assessed: LO1 LO2 LO3 LO4 LO5 LO6
Short release assignment Short Release Final Assignment (60%)
Provide advice on hypothetical scenarios
60% STUVAC
Due date: 27 May 2024 at 08:00

Closing date: 03 Jun 2024
5000 words / 72 hours
Outcomes assessed: LO1 LO2 LO3 LO4 LO5 LO6

Assessment summary

Class Assignment 1 (20%) and Class Assignment 2 (20%):

Each student will be required to submit at least two written submissions on class problems selected by him or her, during the semester (Class Assignments). Class Assignments will be graded out of 20% each, and these marks will count towards the final result. You may choose to write a third Class Assignment, in which case you will have the benefit of the best two of the three marks. You must select your two Class Assignments from the hypothetical problems to be considered at weekly classes (listed in the Reading Guide which will be available on Canvas, in the "Modules" page). You may make your selection of a topic or change your topic by email to Dr Austin. You must do so in time to submit Class Assignments on two class hypothetical problems by the end of the unit. These arrangements are subject to the qualification that if there is too heavy a bunching up of selections for one class and not enough for another class, you may be encouraged to reconsider your choices. 

The word limit for the Class Assignments is 1400 words which is about 5 double-spaced A4 pages in Times New Roman 12. You are expected to analyse the issues raised by the hypothetical problem under discussion succinctly, with a clear sense of relevance. Confine your exposition of the law to legal principles raised by the facts. It is unnecessary to set out legislative or regulatory provisions in full, though you must cite the basis for each proposition you assert - by precisely referring, say, to a section or subsection number, or a numbered paragraph of a Regulatory Guide or Guidance Note, or a numbered paragraph in the judgment of a Court or the reasons of the Panel. When a decided case is relevant to your answer, it is usually unnecessary to set out the facts of the case, but only the legal proposition you extract from it, or a factual point of distinction from the problem at hand.

Students will be on-call for the relevant class for their assignment. Although no marks are separately allocated to the oral defence of a Class Assignment at the relevant class, students who perform well in class tend to obtain good grades and students who do not attend on the nights when their Class Assignments are discussed lose the opportunity to have ambiguities resolved in their favour.

You should send your Class Assignment attached to an email addressed to the lecturer conducting the relevant class, by 4.00 pm on the Monday before the Wednesday class. Your email and the attached Class Assignment should also be copied by email to Dr Austin, as teaching team leader. A copy must also be submitted on the Canvas site. Your email to the lecturer and Dr Austin should confirm that you have lodged the Class Assignment on Canvas.

Because of the importance placed upon oral defence of your Class Assignments, if for any reason you are unable to lodge your Class Assignment by 4 pm on the afternoon of your relevant class, you will be encouraged to withdraw from that Class Assignment and select a later topic. A Class Assignment tendered after the class to which it relates will not be accepted, except where the delay satisfies the University’s criteria for special consideration, and there is no time left to select a later topic.

Due to the nature of the two class assignments, in which students are required to defend their submissions in class, anonymous marking is obviously not appropriate for those parts of the assessment.

Short Release Final Assignment (60%)

The assessment for the remaining 60% of the final result, after the grading of the Class Assignments (see above), will be an assignment (Final Assignment) made available online via the Canvas site. The assignment will involve giving written advice on any three of four hypothetical scenarios to be chosen by you.

The Final Assignment will be available from 8am on Friday 24 May and will be due by 8am on 27 May (Sydney Australia time). The maximum word length of the assignment will be 5000 words (not including formal footnotes). No bibliography is needed. The assignment must be uploaded to Canvas by the due date and time.   

Anonymous marking applies to the Final Assignment. A Capstone Essay is not offered in this unit. 

Both assessment tasks will satisfy Learning Outcome 1 (LO1) by requiring students to demonstrate specialised disciplinary expertise on topics necessary (though not necessarily sufficient) for M&A legal practice, by: (i) providing a coherent explanation of the law and regulatory guidance regarding corporate control transactions, with emphasis on the acquisition of shares by takeover bid under Chapter 6 of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) and restructuring by scheme of arrangement under that Act; (ii) debating and evaluating the legal and economic policies that underlie the system of regulation of corporate control transactions; (iii) discussing critiques of regulatory guidance on key issues, including relevant pronouncements by the Australian Securities and Investments Commission and the Australian Takeovers Panel. The task will satisfy Learning Outcome 2 (LO2) by requiring students to demonstrate an understanding of the research tools for further research on the themes discussed in the unit. The task will satisfy Learning Outcome 3 (LO3) by requiring students to demonstrate critical thinking and problem-solving, and the development of inventive solutions, in the application of their specialised learning in a professional or academic context. The task will satisfy Learning Outcome 4 (LO4) by requiring students to use the legal analytical tools needed for effective inter-professional engagement with business and financial advisers in M&A transactions. The task will satisfy Learning Outcome 5 (LO5) by requiring students to demonstrate an understanding of the basis for developing sound standards of professional responsibility for lawyers in M&A practice. The task will satisfy Learning Outcome 6 (LO6) by requiring students to demonstrate an understanding of the criteria for evaluating the effects of corporate control transactions on economic growth and efficiency.
 

Word limit penalty: A piece of assessment which exceeds the prescribed word limit will attract a penalty of 10% of the total marks available for the piece of assessment for every 100 words, or part thereof. The total word count for essay and other written assessments will exclude all footnotes and any bibliography (if required). 

Use of editors and automated writing tools: In completing unsupervised assessments, students may use editors, proof-readers, and automated writing tools (including translation software, grammar checkers, reference generators and artificial intelligence), provided that all use is acknowledged and consistent with University policies and procedures including Academic Integrity Policy. Acknowledgment must be made in writing on the front of the work submitted for assessment, or in an appropriate footnote or other reference, and state the name of the person or software.

Special consideration: Successful grants of Special Consideration may involve alternative tasks, as appropriate.

Assessment requirement to pass a unit of study

A student must make a genuine attempt at all assessment tasks set out in this Unit of Study in order to obtain a Pass mark and grade (or above); otherwise an Absent Fail grade will be recorded as the student’s result for this Unit of Study. 

Assessment criteria

The University awards common result grades, set out in the Coursework Policy 2021 (Schedule 1).

As a general guide, a high distinction indicates work of an exceptional standard, a distinction a very high standard, a credit a good standard, and a pass an acceptable standard.

Result name

Mark range

Description

High distinction

85 - 100

• Completely answers the question.
• Contains striking originality of approach or analysis.
• Demonstrates exhaustive or innovative research (where independent research
required).
• Exceptionally well written, structured and expressed.
• Is otherwise exceptional in some way.

Distinction

75 - 84

• Completely answers the question.
• Achieves a critical and evaluative approach to the issues.
• Content and structure is well organised in support of the argument.
• Demonstrates extensive research and analysis to support a well-documented
argument.
• Generally well expressed and free from errors.
• Has a clear structure and is well articulated.

Credit

65 - 74

• Covers main issues fairly well in answering the question.
• Contains no significant errors
• Demonstrates an attempted critical approach to the issues.
• Demonstrates reasonably sound research and analysis in addressing the key issues.
• Has a clear structure and reasonably clear expression.

Pass

50 - 64

• Identifies the key issues, but does not follow through with a reasoned argument.
• Contains some significant errors.
• Displays satisfactory engagement with the key issues.
• Offers descriptive summary of material relevant to the question.
• Superficial use of material, and may display a tendency to paraphrase.
• Demonstrates little evidence of in-depth research or analysis.
• Adequate expression.
• Overall, demonstrates the minimum level of competence in the assessment and
satisfies the requirements to proceed to higher-level studies in the degree or subject
area.

Fail

0 - 49

• Does not answer the question.
• Contains significant or numerous errors.
• Few or no identifiable arguments.
• Content that is inappropriate or irrelevant.
• Lack of research or analysis.
• Difficult or impossible to understand through poor grammar, expression or
structure.
• Overall, does not demonstrate the minimum level of competence in the
assessment.

For more information see sydney.edu.au/students/guide-to-grades

For more information see guide to grades.

Late submission

In accordance with University policy, these penalties apply when written work is submitted after 11:59pm on the due date:

  • Deduction of 5% of the maximum mark for each calendar day after the due date.
  • After ten calendar days late, a mark of zero will be awarded.

This unit has an exception to the standard University policy or supplementary information has been provided by the unit coordinator. This information is displayed below:

The late submission of a piece of assessment, without an approved extension, will attract a penalty of 10% of the total marks available for the piece of assessment per calendar day or part thereof. For the short release final assignment, a submission after 8am but by 11:59pm on the due date for submission will attract a 10% penalty.  A submission after midnight of the due date for submission will attract a 20% penalty. A submission on the following day after midnight will attract a 30% penalty, and so on.  Penalties for late submission will be applied strictly.

Academic integrity

The Current Student website  provides information on academic integrity and the resources available to all students. The University expects students and staff to act ethically and honestly and will treat all allegations of academic integrity breaches seriously.  

We use similarity detection software to detect potential instances of plagiarism or other forms of academic integrity breach. If such matches indicate evidence of plagiarism or other forms of academic integrity breaches, your teacher is required to report your work for further investigation.

You may only use artificial intelligence and writing assistance tools in assessment tasks if you are permitted to by your unit coordinator, and if you do use them, you must also acknowledge this in your work, either in a footnote or an acknowledgement section.

Studiosity is permitted for postgraduate units unless otherwise indicated by the unit coordinator. The use of this service must be acknowledged in your submission.

Simple extensions

If you encounter a problem submitting your work on time, you may be able to apply for an extension of five calendar days through a simple extension.  The application process will be different depending on the type of assessment and extensions cannot be granted for some assessment types like exams.

Special consideration

If exceptional circumstances mean you can’t complete an assessment, you need consideration for a longer period of time, or if you have essential commitments which impact your performance in an assessment, you may be eligible for special consideration or special arrangements.

Special consideration applications will not be affected by a simple extension application.

Using AI responsibly

Co-created with students, AI in Education includes lots of helpful examples of how students use generative AI tools to support their learning. It explains how generative AI works, the different tools available and how to use them responsibly and productively.

Support for students

The Support for Students Policy 2023 reflects the University’s commitment to supporting students in their academic journey and making the University safe for students. It is important that you read and understand this policy so that you are familiar with the range of support services available to you and understand how to engage with them.

The University uses email as its primary source of communication with students who need support under the Support for Students Policy 2023. Make sure you check your University email regularly and respond to any communications received from the University.

Learning resources and detailed information about weekly assessment and learning activities can be accessed via Canvas. It is essential that you visit your unit of study Canvas site to ensure you are up to date with all of your tasks.

If you are having difficulties completing your studies, or are feeling unsure about your progress, we are here to help. You can access the support services offered by the University at any time:

Support and Services (including health and wellbeing services, financial support and learning support)
Course planning and administration
Meet with an Academic Adviser

WK Topic Learning activity Learning outcomes
Week 01 Introductory overview, corporate control transactions generally, history and regulatory policy Seminar (2 hr) LO1 LO2 LO3 LO4 LO5 LO6
Week 02 Coverage and concepts - companies and managed investment schemes, securities, relevant interests, associates, voting power, voting shares Seminar (2 hr) LO1 LO2 LO3 LO4 LO5 LO6
Week 03 Coverage and concepts (continued) Seminar (2 hr) LO1 LO2 LO3 LO4 LO5 LO6
Week 04 Exceptions to s 606 Seminar (2 hr) LO1 LO2 LO3 LO4 LO5 LO6
Week 05 Contents of offers and bidder's and target's statements, disclosure, materiality, experts' reports Seminar (2 hr) LO1 LO2 LO3 LO4 LO5 LO6
Week 06 Schemes and other reconstructions Seminar (2 hr) LO1 LO2 LO3 LO4 LO5 LO6
Week 07 Target responses - part 1 Seminar (2 hr) LO1 LO2 LO3 LO4 LO5 LO6
Week 08 Target responses - part 2 Seminar (2 hr) LO1 LO2 LO3 LO4 LO5 LO6
Week 09 Managing the offer - benefits, escalators, variations, modifications Seminar (2 hr) LO1 LO2 LO3 LO4 LO5 LO6
Week 10 Insider trading, confidential information, common directors, remedies for non-disclosure Seminar (2 hr) LO1 LO2 LO3 LO4 LO5 LO6
Week 11 The Takeovers Panel Seminar (2 hr) LO1 LO2 LO3 LO4 LO5 LO6
Week 12 Compulsory acquisition Seminar (2 hr) LO1 LO2 LO3 LO4 LO5 LO6
Week 13 Revision class Seminar (2 hr) LO1 LO2 LO3 LO4 LO5 LO6

Attendance and class requirements

Attendance: All students are required to attend at least 70% of classes to satisfy the pass requirements for each unit of study. Failure to meet this requirement may result in a student being precluded from submitting the final assessment. 

Referencing: The Sydney Law School expects you to use the Australian Guide to Legal Citation (4th edition, 2018) for your footnoting style, although you should confirm this with your lecturer, and a link to the library website where this is set out comprehensively is available at Referencing and Citation Styles: AGLC4  

Study commitment

Typically, there is a minimum expectation of 1.5-2 hours of student effort per week per credit point for units of study offered over a full semester. For a 6 credit point unit, this equates to roughly 120-150 hours of student effort in total.

Required readings

Please see the Reading Guide which will be available on the Canvas site.

Learning outcomes are what students know, understand and are able to do on completion of a unit of study. They are aligned with the University's graduate qualities and are assessed as part of the curriculum.

At the completion of this unit, you should be able to:

  • LO1. Develop an advanced and integrated understanding of a complex body of knowledge and technical skills in relation to M&A Law and Practice: Specialised knowledge regarding statutory and general law, regulatory guidance and policy concerning corporate control transactions in Australia, with emphasis on the acquisition of shares by takeover bid under Chapter 6 of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) and on restructuring by scheme of arrangement under that Act, having particular regard to the work of the Australian Securities and Investments Commission and the Australian Takeovers Panel.
  • LO2. Specialised cognitive and technical skills regarding M & A Law and Practice, in order to provide a sound foundation for independent analysis, research and effective communication as follows: Critically analyse, reflect on and synthesise complex information, problems, concepts and theories regarding corporate control transactions, and developing inventive solutions to the practical problems that arise in corporate control transactions;
  • LO3. Research and apply ideas regarding the regulation of corporate control transactions;
  • LO4. Interpret and communicate knowledge, skills and ideas concerning M&A Law and Practice to specialist and non-specialist audiences (including business and lay audiences); and
  • LO5. Apply knowledge and skills acquired regarding M&A Law and Practice to demonstrate autonomous expert judgment, adaptability and responsibility in professional practice and in further learning.
  • LO6. Integrate the principles and values of justice and ethical practice in lawyers’ roles concerning M & A Law and Practice, and in the goals and policies that underlie the system of regulation of corporate control transactions.

Graduate qualities

The graduate qualities are the qualities and skills that all University of Sydney graduates must demonstrate on successful completion of an award course. As a future Sydney graduate, the set of qualities have been designed to equip you for the contemporary world.

GQ1 Depth of disciplinary expertise

Deep disciplinary expertise is the ability to integrate and rigorously apply knowledge, understanding and skills of a recognised discipline defined by scholarly activity, as well as familiarity with evolving practice of the discipline.

GQ2 Critical thinking and problem solving

Critical thinking and problem solving are the questioning of ideas, evidence and assumptions in order to propose and evaluate hypotheses or alternative arguments before formulating a conclusion or a solution to an identified problem.

GQ3 Oral and written communication

Effective communication, in both oral and written form, is the clear exchange of meaning in a manner that is appropriate to audience and context.

GQ4 Information and digital literacy

Information and digital literacy is the ability to locate, interpret, evaluate, manage, adapt, integrate, create and convey information using appropriate resources, tools and strategies.

GQ5 Inventiveness

Generating novel ideas and solutions.

GQ6 Cultural competence

Cultural Competence is the ability to actively, ethically, respectfully, and successfully engage across and between cultures. In the Australian context, this includes and celebrates Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultures, knowledge systems, and a mature understanding of contemporary issues.

GQ7 Interdisciplinary effectiveness

Interdisciplinary effectiveness is the integration and synthesis of multiple viewpoints and practices, working effectively across disciplinary boundaries.

GQ8 Integrated professional, ethical, and personal identity

An integrated professional, ethical and personal identity is understanding the interaction between one’s personal and professional selves in an ethical context.

GQ9 Influence

Engaging others in a process, idea or vision.

Outcome map

Learning outcomes Graduate qualities
GQ1 GQ2 GQ3 GQ4 GQ5 GQ6 GQ7 GQ8 GQ9

This section outlines changes made to this unit following staff and student reviews.

No changes have been made since this unit was last offered

Disclaimer

The University reserves the right to amend units of study or no longer offer certain units, including where there are low enrolment numbers.

To help you understand common terms that we use at the University, we offer an online glossary.