Unit outline_

LAWS6896: Internatl and Comparative Criminal Justice

Intensive March - April, 2026 [Block mode] - Camperdown/Darlington, Sydney

This unit uses comparative law methodology to critically discuss aspects of criminal investigation, prosecution and punishment focusing on law enforcement and criminal trial practice in various legal systems. Particular topics include the comparison of legal traditions and cultures with a focus on criminal justice, the impact of different legal systems on transnational criminal justice processes and the dynamics and challenges of transplanting criminal law and procedure across legal systems. The unit explores furthermore the growing globalisation of criminal justice through an examination of forms of transnational crime and the infrastructure that is being developed to regulate cross-border criminality. It will explore the development of various institutions in response to transnational crimes and their relation to international, regional and domestic human rights and access to justice. The unit addresses the Law School's Course Learning Outcomes, and the University's Graduate Qualities, in particular: depth of disciplinary expertise, critical thinking and problem solving, and oral and written communication. It is designed to attract students interested in criminal law, transnational law, comparative law and practitioners in the areas of criminal justice and policing. Refer to the Sydney Law School timetable - https://canvas.sydney.edu.au/courses/4533/pages/postgraduate-lecture-timetable

Unit details and rules

Academic unit Law
Credit points 6
Prerequisites
? 
None
Corequisites
? 
None
Prohibitions
? 
None
Assumed knowledge
? 

None

Available to study abroad and exchange students

No

Teaching staff

Coordinator Saskia Hufnagel, saskia.hufnagel@sydney.edu.au
The census date for this unit availability is 7 April 2026
Type Description Weight Due Length Use of AI
Presentation Criminal Justice Presentation (20%)
In-class presentation
20% Ongoing 10 minutes AI allowed
Outcomes assessed: LO1 LO2 LO3 LO4 LO6
Out-of-class quiz Early Feedback Task Early Feedback Task (0%)
Comparative Criminal Justice Concepts Diagnostic: Quiz matching key comparative justice terms and frameworks to real-world scenarios.
0% Week 01
Due date: 28 Mar 2026 at 23:59
5 questions / 30 mins AI allowed
Outcomes assessed: LO1 LO2 LO3 LO4 LO5 LO6
Written work (Alternative) Capstone Essay Proposal (0%)
Proposal for Capstone Essay
0% Week 01
Due date: 28 Mar 2026 at 23:59
500 words AI allowed
Outcomes assessed: LO1 LO2 LO3 LO4 LO5 LO6
Written work group assignment Group Comparative Report (20%)
Group Comparative Report
20% Week 06
Due date: 27 Apr 2026 at 23:59

Closing date: 11 May 2026
2000 words / 6 weeks AI allowed
Outcomes assessed: LO6 LO1 LO2 LO3 LO4 LO5
Written work Research Essay (60%)
Research Essay
60% Week 10
Due date: 29 May 2026 at 23:59

Closing date: 12 Jun 2026
5000 words / 7 weeks AI allowed
Outcomes assessed: LO1 LO2 LO3 LO4 LO5 LO6
Written work (Alternative) Capstone essay (70%)
Capstone essay
0% Week 10
Due date: 29 May 2026 at 23:59

Closing date: 12 Jun 2026
7000-7500 words / 9 weeks AI allowed
Outcomes assessed: LO1 LO2 LO3 LO4 LO5 LO6
group assignment = group assignment ?
early feedback task = early feedback task ?

Assessment summary

Early Feedback Task (0%): This unit includes an Early Feedback Task that is designed to provide students with timely insights into their understanding and engagement with the unit content. The Early Feedback Task in this unit is a 30 minute quiz with 5 questions. The task will be available on Canvas from 27 March 2026 12pm until 28 March 2026 at 11:59pm, Sydney Australia time. It will be tailored to reflect key concepts from the first day of classes. Students will be provided with immediate automated feedback upon completion of the task.

Criminal Justice Presentation (20%) - in this assessment task, students will deliver a 10 minute in-person presentation on a topic chosen from a list available on the unit Canvas site. The presentation schedule and topics will be released on 9 March 2026 at 11:59pm (Sydney, Australia time). Presentations will take place during class on 27 and 28 March and 10 and 11 April 2026. Students will present on the working of a specific legal system with a focus on policing, bail, prosecution, prisons, juvenile justice or sentencing. Students are required to identify and analyse key concepts and issues and provide a coherent argument, supported by relevant evidence and references. Students will be assessed on their ability to identify relevant key issues, structure and organisation of the presentation, presentation skills and the use of visual aids/slides. Information about the marking criteria will be discussed in class/made available via Canvas.

Group Comparative Report (20%) - in randomly assigned groups, students will create a 2000-word report, comparing and contrasting two criminal justice systems based on those presented in class (see previous task). The release date is 9 March 2026 at 9am (Sydney, Australia Time). Students will be assessed on their ability to analyse and describe the justice systems being discussed, compare them with a focus on similarities and differences, critically evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of each and identify law reform potential within each system. Groups will need to write a report employing a coherent structure.  Information about the marking criteria will be discussed in class/made available via Canvas. The Group Comparative report must be submitted via Canvas by 27 April 2026 at 11:59pm (Sydney Australia time).  

Research Essay (60%) - Students will create a 5000-word research essay based on the in-person presentation compared to another criminal justice system of their choice. The research essay will ask students to research the selected topic at an in-depth level using critically selected primary and secondary sources as appropriate, employing relevant comparative legal research methodologies. Students will be assessed on their ability to demonstrate their understanding of the topic area, their analysis, application of the content discussed in the unit, the structure of their argument(s) and the presentation of their argument(s) and the presentation of their research consistent with the conventions of legal writing and the AGLC 4th ed. Information about the marking criteria will be discussed in class/made available via Canvas. 

  • The release date is 9 March 2026 at 12.00pm (Sydney, Australia time) 
  • Students must consult the unit coordinator by 13 April 2026 at 12.00pm to confirm their comparative research question and the systems compared therein.
  • The research essay must be submitted via Canvas by 29 May 2026 at 11:59pm (Sydney Australia time). 

(Alternative) Capstone essay (70%) - LLM students who are undertaking this unit towards the end of their degree, and need a capstone experience to complete their degree, must apply to the unit coordinator to undertake the assessment option of a Capstone Essay. 

The Capstone Essay is worth 70% of your marks for the unit. The Capstone Essay must be a minimum of 7,000 words, but not exceed 7,500 words and is due on May 29th, 2026 11:59pm (Sydney, Australia time). 

(Alternative) Capstone essay proposal (0%)

Students wishing to take up this option are required to submit a 500-word topic proposal to Canvas as well as by email to the unit coordinator by March 28th 11:59pm. A copy of the approval email must be kept and included with the submission.  

Your essay topic should respond to the material covered in the present unit. However, at the same time, in order to serve as a capstone for your LLM, it should build upon the learning that has taken place during your LLM studies more generally.

For students undertaking the Capstone essay, the individual class presentation will be worth 30% and will be a 15 minute presentation.  Students completing the Capstone essay will not undertake the group comparative report. 

 

Word limit penalty: A piece of assessment which exceeds the prescribed word limit will attract a penalty of 10% of the total marks available for the piece of assessment for every 100 words, or part thereof. Additionally, the Capstone essay will attract a penalty of 10% of the total marks available for every 100 words, or part thereof, which is below 7000 words. The total word count for essay and other written assessments will exclude all footnotes and any bibliography (if required), and exclude acknowledgements of assistance from editors, automated writing tools or generative AI (where use is permitted). 

 

Referencing: The Sydney Law School expects you to use the Australian Guide to Legal Citation (4th edition, 2018) for your footnoting style, although you should confirm this with your lecturer. A link to the library website where this is set out comprehensively is available at Referencing and Citation Styles: AGLC4. 

 

Special consideration: Successful grants of Special Consideration may involve alternative tasks, as appropriate.  

 

Assessment requirements to pass a unit of study: A student must make a genuine attempt at all assessment tasks set out in this Unit of Study in order to obtain a Pass mark and grade (or above); otherwise an Absent Fail grade will be recorded as the student’s result for this Unit of Study. 

Assessment criteria

The University awards common result grades, set out in the Coursework Policy 2021 (Schedule 1). 

As a general guide, a high distinction indicates work of an exceptional standard, a distinction a very high standard, a credit a good standard, and a pass an acceptable standard.

Result name

Mark range

Description

High distinction

85 - 100

Work receiving a high distinction grade will generally exhibit the following characteristics:
• Completely answers the question.
• Contains striking originality of approach or analysis.
• Demonstrates exhaustive or innovative research (where independent research
required).
• Exceptionally well written, structured and expressed.
• Is otherwise exceptional in some way.

Distinction

75 - 84

Work receiving a distinction grade will generally exhibit the following characteristics:
• Completely answers the question.
• Achieves a critical and evaluative approach to the issues.
• Content and structure is well organised in support of the argument.
• Demonstrates extensive research and analysis to support a well-documented
argument.
• Generally well expressed and free from errors.
• Has a clear structure and is well articulated.

Credit

65 - 74

Work receiving a credit grade will generally exhibit the following characteristics:
• Covers main issues fairly well in answering the question.
• Contains no significant errors
• Demonstrates an attempted critical approach to the issues.
• Demonstrates reasonably sound research and analysis in addressing the key issues.
• Has a clear structure and reasonably clear expression.

Pass

50 - 64

Work receiving a pass grade will generally exhibit the following characteristics:
• Identifies the key issues, but does not follow through with a reasoned argument.
• Contains some significant errors.
• Displays satisfactory engagement with the key issues.
• Offers descriptive summary of material relevant to the question.
• Superficial use of material, and may display a tendency to paraphrase.
• Demonstrates little evidence of in-depth research or analysis.
• Adequate expression.
• Overall, demonstrates the minimum level of competence in the assessment and
satisfies the requirements to proceed to higher-level studies in the degree or subject
area.

Fail

0 - 49

Work may fail for any or all of the following reasons:
• Does not answer the question.
• Contains significant or numerous errors.
• Few or no identifiable arguments.
• Content that is inappropriate or irrelevant.
• Lack of research or analysis.
• Difficult or impossible to understand through poor grammar, expression or
structure.
• Overall, does not demonstrate the minimum level of competence in the
assessment.

For more information see guide to grades.

Use of generative artificial intelligence (AI)

You can use generative AI tools for open assessments. Restrictions on AI use apply to secure, supervised assessments used to confirm if students have met specific learning outcomes.

Refer to the assessment table above to see if AI is allowed, for assessments in this unit and check Canvas for full instructions on assessment tasks and AI use.

If you use AI, you must always acknowledge it. Misusing AI may lead to a breach of the Academic Integrity Policy.

Visit the Current Students website for more information on AI in assessments, including details on how to acknowledge its use.

Late submission

In accordance with University policy, these penalties apply when written work is submitted after 11:59pm on the due date:

  • Deduction of 5% of the maximum mark for each calendar day after the due date.
  • After ten calendar days late, a mark of zero will be awarded.

This unit has an exception to the standard University policy or supplementary information has been provided by the unit coordinator. This information is displayed below:

The late submission of a piece of assessment, without an approved extension, will attract a penalty of 10% of the total marks available for the piece of assessment per 24 hours or part thereof, after the due time on the due date. Penalties for late submission will be applied strictly, subject to a 5 minute grace period.

Academic integrity

The University expects students to act ethically and honestly and will treat all allegations of academic integrity breaches seriously.

Our website provides information on academic integrity and the resources available to all students. This includes advice on how to avoid common breaches of academic integrity. Ensure that you have completed the Academic Honesty Education Module (AHEM) which is mandatory for all commencing coursework students

Penalties for serious breaches can significantly impact your studies and your career after graduation. It is important that you speak with your unit coordinator if you need help with completing assessments.

Visit the Current Students website for more information on AI in assessments, including details on how to acknowledge its use.

Simple extensions

If you encounter a problem submitting your work on time, you may be able to apply for an extension of five calendar days through a simple extension.  The application process will be different depending on the type of assessment and extensions cannot be granted for some assessment types like exams.

Special consideration

If exceptional circumstances mean you can’t complete an assessment, you need consideration for a longer period of time, or if you have essential commitments which impact your performance in an assessment, you may be eligible for special consideration or special arrangements.

Special consideration applications will not be affected by a simple extension application.

Using AI responsibly

Co-created with students, AI in Education includes lots of helpful examples of how students use generative AI tools to support their learning. It explains how generative AI works, the different tools available and how to use them responsibly and productively.

Support for students

The Support for Students Policy reflects the University’s commitment to supporting students in their academic journey and making the University safe for students. It is important that you read and understand this policy so that you are familiar with the range of support services available to you and understand how to engage with them.

The University uses email as its primary source of communication with students who need support under the Support for Students Policy. Make sure you check your University email regularly and respond to any communications received from the University.

Learning resources and detailed information about weekly assessment and learning activities can be accessed via Canvas. It is essential that you visit your unit of study Canvas site to ensure you are up to date with all of your tasks.

If you are having difficulties completing your studies, or are feeling unsure about your progress, we are here to help. You can access the support services offered by the University at any time:

Support and Services (including health and wellbeing services, financial support and learning support)
Course planning and administration
Meet with an Academic Adviser

WK Topic Learning activity Learning outcomes
Week 01 'Introduction' and 'Placing National Criminal Justice Systems in an International and Comparative Context' Seminar (6.5 hr) LO1 LO2 LO3 LO4 LO5 LO6
'Conducting Comparative Research - Methodologies' and 'Policing in Local and Global Contexts' Seminar (6.5 hr) LO1 LO2 LO3 LO4 LO5 LO6
Week 03 'Criminal Defence, Access to Justice and Legal Aid' and 'Prosecution, Extradition and Mutual Legal Assistance' Seminar (6.5 hr) LO1 LO2 LO3 LO4 LO5 LO6
'The National, Regional and Global Fight against Specific Crimes' and 'Prison Systems and Punishment'; Completion of the student feedback survey for this unit of study Seminar (6.5 hr) LO1 LO2 LO3 LO4 LO5 LO6

Attendance and class requirements

Attendance: All students are required to attend at 70% of classes to satisfy the pass requirements for each unit of study. Failure to meet this requirement will result in an Absent Fail grade being recorded as the student’s result for this unit (see The University of Sydney Law School Resolutions: Coursework Awards cl 11).  

 

Study commitment

Typically, there is a minimum expectation of 1.5-2 hours of student effort per week per credit point for units of study offered over a full semester. For a 6 credit point unit, this equates to roughly 120-150 hours of student effort in total.

Required readings

Required Readings :

Readings will be available via the required readings tab on Canvas.

 

 

Learning outcomes are what students know, understand and are able to do on completion of a unit of study. They are aligned with the University's graduate qualities and are assessed as part of the curriculum.

At the completion of this unit, you should be able to:

  • LO1. Critically analyse the attributes and challenges of various criminal justice systems, incorporating a socio-legal perspective.
  • LO2. Evaluate the dynamics of legal system comparison, transnational cooperation, historical progress, and contemporary criminal justice policy.
  • LO3. Contextualise national criminal laws and practices within transnational and global frameworks.
  • LO4. Critically discuss contemporary issues in transnational and comparative criminal justice through case study analysis.
  • LO5. Assess and articulate the ethical challenges in transnational criminal justice cooperation using sound and logically structured legal arguments.
  • LO6. Develop advanced skills in comparative criminal justice analysis, law reform identification, research, and academic writing. Use these to communicate complex legal concepts to diverse audiences.

Graduate qualities

The graduate qualities are the qualities and skills that all University of Sydney graduates must demonstrate on successful completion of an award course. As a future Sydney graduate, the set of qualities have been designed to equip you for the contemporary world.

GQ1 Depth of disciplinary expertise

Deep disciplinary expertise is the ability to integrate and rigorously apply knowledge, understanding and skills of a recognised discipline defined by scholarly activity, as well as familiarity with evolving practice of the discipline.

GQ2 Critical thinking and problem solving

Critical thinking and problem solving are the questioning of ideas, evidence and assumptions in order to propose and evaluate hypotheses or alternative arguments before formulating a conclusion or a solution to an identified problem.

GQ3 Oral and written communication

Effective communication, in both oral and written form, is the clear exchange of meaning in a manner that is appropriate to audience and context.

GQ4 Information and digital literacy

Information and digital literacy is the ability to locate, interpret, evaluate, manage, adapt, integrate, create and convey information using appropriate resources, tools and strategies.

GQ5 Inventiveness

Generating novel ideas and solutions.

GQ6 Cultural competence

Cultural Competence is the ability to actively, ethically, respectfully, and successfully engage across and between cultures. In the Australian context, this includes and celebrates Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultures, knowledge systems, and a mature understanding of contemporary issues.

GQ7 Interdisciplinary effectiveness

Interdisciplinary effectiveness is the integration and synthesis of multiple viewpoints and practices, working effectively across disciplinary boundaries.

GQ8 Integrated professional, ethical, and personal identity

An integrated professional, ethical and personal identity is understanding the interaction between one’s personal and professional selves in an ethical context.

GQ9 Influence

Engaging others in a process, idea or vision.

Outcome map

Learning outcomes Graduate qualities
GQ1 GQ2 GQ3 GQ4 GQ5 GQ6 GQ7 GQ8 GQ9

This section outlines changes made to this unit following staff and student reviews.

The assessment has been updated in line with the new assessment framework

Disclaimer

Important: the University of Sydney regularly reviews units of study and reserves the right to change the units of study available annually. To stay up to date on available study options, including unit of study details and availability, refer to the relevant handbook.

To help you understand common terms that we use at the University, we offer an online glossary.