Outline

Overview

This unit of study uses a systems-based approach to assist students to explore the foundations of physiology and to examine the associated pathology of common illnesses observed in the clinical setting. Learning will occur in the context of the mechanisms that maintain homeostatic control of body processes. Topics addressed in the unit include various body systems and disease manifestations.

Unit details and rules

Academic unit	Department of Medical Sciences
Credit points	6
Prerequisites ?	None
Corequisites ?	None
Prohibitions ?	NURS5042
Assumed knowledge ?	None
Available to study abroad and exchange students	No

Teaching staff

Coordinator	Kyungjoon (Joon) Lim, kyungjoon.lim@sydney.edu.au

Assessment

The census date for this unit availability is 31 March 2026

Details
Criteria

Type	Description	Weight	Due	Length	Use of AI
Written exam	Assessment 3: Final Exam Short and Long answer questions	40%	Formal exam period	2 hours	AI prohibited
Outcomes assessed:
In-person written or creative task	Assessment 1A: Tutorial Quiz MCQ & SAQ will run during the tutorial class. In-class, closed-book, paper-based quiz	10%	Week 04	15 min Reading time + quiz	AI prohibited
Outcomes assessed:
In-person written or creative task	Assessment 1B: Tutorial Quiz MCQ & SAQ will run during the tutorial class. In-class, closed-book, paper-based quiz	10%	Week 06	15 min Reading time + quiz	AI prohibited
Outcomes assessed:
In-person written or creative task	Assessment 1C: Tutorial Quiz MCQ & SAQ will run during the tutorial class. In-class, closed-book, paper-based quiz	10%	Week 08	15 min Reading time + quiz	AI prohibited
Outcomes assessed:
In-person written or creative task	Assessment 1D: Tutorial Quiz MCQ & SAQ will run during the tutorial class. In-class, closed-book, paper-based quiz	10%	Week 10	15 min Reading time + quiz	AI prohibited
Outcomes assessed:
Presentation	Assessment 2: Vodcast presentation (Group project) This assessment task requires to make a 10-minute recorded oral presentation referred to as a vodcast (a video with audio, written text and pictures/diagrams). You will need to include a video of yourself presenting the recording.	20%	Week 11	10 minutes	AI allowed
Outcomes assessed:

Assessment summary

Assessment 1 (a,b,c, d) Tutorial Quizzes: Students will sit a total of 4 quizzes in weeks 4, 6, 8 and 10 which will test the preceding week’s lecture content inclusive. Students will have 15 minutes to complete online quizes which consists with multiple choice and short answer questions. Each quiz will be worth 10% for a total of 40% across the 4 quizzes. To ensure fairness across all students will receive questions from a randomised test bank.

Assessment 2: Group Assessment:

Students are expected to understand the interrelationship of body organ systems and conceptual frameworks that underpin the areas of homeostasis in each body system.

Group of 4-5, 10 min presentation

All presenters must be visual when they are presenting

Assessment 3: Final Exam: The Final Exam will cover all aspects of the unit of study and will consist of short and long answer questions. The examination will emphasise the interrelatedness of body organ systems and conceptual frameworks that underpin the areas of cellular biology, homeostasis, cardiorespiratory physiology, gastrointestinal physiology, metabolism, neuro-endocrine regulation, pain and immunity.

Please note: Each student is required to submit/attend all assessment items in order to pass this unit. Detailed information for each assessment can be founda on Canvas.

Assessment criteria

The University awards common result grades, set out in the Coursework Policy 2021 (Schedule 1).

As a general guide, a high distinction indicates work of an exceptional standard, a distinction a very high standard, a credit a good standard, and a pass an acceptable standard.

Grade	Mark range	Description
High distinction	85 - 100	Awarded when you demonstrate the learning outcomes for the unit at an exceptional standard.
Distinction	75 - 84	Awarded when you demonstrate the learning outcomes for the unit at a very high standard
Credit	65 - 74	Awarded when you demonstrate the learning outcomes for the unit at a good standard
Pass	50 - 64	Awarded when you demonstrate the learning outcomes for the unit at an acceptable standard
Fail	0 - 49	When you don’t meet the learning outcomes of the unit to a satisfactory standard.

For more information see guide to grades.

Use of generative artificial intelligence (AI)

You can use generative AI tools for open assessments. Restrictions on AI use apply to secure, supervised assessments used to confirm if students have met specific learning outcomes.

Refer to the assessment table above to see if AI is allowed, for assessments in this unit and check Canvas for full instructions on assessment tasks and AI use.

If you use AI, you must always acknowledge it. Misusing AI may lead to a breach of the Academic Integrity Policy.

Visit the Current Students website for more information on AI in assessments, including details on how to acknowledge its use.

Late submission

In accordance with University policy, these penalties apply when written work is submitted after 11:59pm on the due date:

Deduction of 5% of the maximum mark for each calendar day after the due date.
After ten calendar days late, a mark of zero will be awarded.

This unit has an exception to the standard University policy or supplementary information has been provided by the unit coordinator. This information is displayed below:

Where an assignment is submitted late without an approved extension, a late penalty will apply. For every calendar day up to and including ten calendar days after the due date a penalty of 5% of the maximum awardable marks will be applied to late work. For work submitted more than ten calendar days after the due date a mark of zero marks will be awarded. Exam based assessment will require a special consideration application be made according to exam policy.

Academic integrity

The University expects students to act ethically and honestly and will treat all allegations of academic integrity breaches seriously.

Our website provides information on academic integrity and the resources available to all students. This includes advice on how to avoid common breaches of academic integrity. Ensure that you have completed the Academic Honesty Education Module (AHEM) which is mandatory for all commencing coursework students

Penalties for serious breaches can significantly impact your studies and your career after graduation. It is important that you speak with your unit coordinator if you need help with completing assessments.

Visit the Current Students website for more information on AI in assessments, including details on how to acknowledge its use.

Learning support

Simple extensions

If you encounter a problem submitting your work on time, you may be able to apply for an extension of five calendar days through a simple extension.  The application process will be different depending on the type of assessment and extensions cannot be granted for some assessment types like exams.

Special consideration

If exceptional circumstances mean you can’t complete an assessment, you need consideration for a longer period of time, or if you have essential commitments which impact your performance in an assessment, you may be eligible for special consideration or special arrangements.

Special consideration applications will not be affected by a simple extension application.

Using AI responsibly

Co-created with students, AI in Education includes lots of helpful examples of how students use generative AI tools to support their learning. It explains how generative AI works, the different tools available and how to use them responsibly and productively.

Support for students

The Support for Students Policy reflects the University’s commitment to supporting students in their academic journey and making the University safe for students. It is important that you read and understand this policy so that you are familiar with the range of support services available to you and understand how to engage with them.

The University uses email as its primary source of communication with students who need support under the Support for Students Policy. Make sure you check your University email regularly and respond to any communications received from the University.

Learning resources and detailed information about weekly assessment and learning activities can be accessed via Canvas. It is essential that you visit your unit of study Canvas site to ensure you are up to date with all of your tasks.

If you are having difficulties completing your studies, or are feeling unsure about your progress, we are here to help. You can access the support services offered by the University at any time:

Support and Services (including health and wellbeing services, financial support and learning support)
Course planning and administration
Meet with an Academic Adviser

Weekly schedule

WK	Topic	Learning activity
Week 01	Topic 1: Body organization & Pathophysiology principle - Explain the hierarchical levels of organization in the human body (cells, tissues, organs, systems). - Understand the cellular structure and how they work - Define homeostasis and describe mechanisms that maintain internal stability. - Introduce the concept of pathophysiology and its distinction from normal physiology. - Discuss common cellular and tissue responses to injury, including inflammation and repair. - Apply correct anatomi	Lecture (2 hr)
Week 01	Practical workshop in Human anatomy.	Practical (2 hr)
Week 02	Topic 2: Cardiovascular system - Describe the anatomy of the heart, major blood vessels, and microcirculation. - Explain the cardiac cycle, heart sounds, and electrical conduction system. - Discuss regulation of blood pressure and cardiac output. - Identify common cardiovascular pathologies (e.g., hypertension, heart failure) and their clinical manifestations. - Interpret basic cardiovascular clinical indicators such as pulse, blood pressure, and ECG patterns.	Lecture (2 hr)
Week 02	Body organisation and Homeostasis	Tutorial (2 hr)
Week 03	Topic 3: Respiratory physiology - Outline the anatomy of the respiratory tract and lungs. - Explain the mechanics of ventilation and gas exchange at alveolar and tissue levels. - Describe oxygen and carbon dioxide transport in blood and the role of haemoglobin. - Discuss neural and chemical regulation of respiration. - Analyse pathophysiological changes in respiratory disorders (e.g., asthma, COPD) and their impact on gas exchange.	Lecture (2 hr)
Week 04	Topic 4: Nervous system - Describe the organisation of the central and peripheral nervous systems. - Explain neuronal structure, action potentials, and synaptic transmission. - Discuss the roles of major neurotransmitters and their clinical relevance. - Explain autonomic nervous system regulation and its effect on organ systems. - Relate nervous system dysfunction to observable clinical signs.	Lecture (2 hr)
Week 04	Cardiovascular and Respiratory Physiology & Pathophysiology	Tutorial (2 hr)
Week 05	Topic 5: Brain anatomy and function & neurodegenerative disease - Identify major brain regions and their roles in sensory, motor, and cognitive functions. - Explain higher-order functions such as memory, learning, and emotion. - Discuss the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s) and their progression. - Relate structural changes in the brain to functional deficits observed clinically.	Lecture (2 hr)
Week 06	Topic 6: Infection, innate & adaptive immunity - Describe the body’s first line of defence against pathogens, including physical and chemical barriers. - Explain innate immune mechanisms, such as inflammation, phagocytosis, and the role of natural killer cells. - Discuss the principles of adaptive immunity, including the roles of B lymphocytes (antibody-mediated immunity) and T lymphocytes (cell-mediated immunity).	Lecture (2 hr)
Week 06	Neuroscience and Neurological disorders	Tutorial (2 hr)
Week 07	Topic 7: Renal physiology and pathophysiology - Describe kidney structure and nephron function in fluid and electrolyte balance. - Explain urine formation and mechanisms of blood pressure regulation. - Discuss renal pathologies (e.g., chronic kidney disease, acute renal failure) and their clinical indicators.	Lecture (2 hr)
Week 08	Topic 8: Endocrine physiology and pathophysiology (New) - Identify major endocrine glands and their hormones. - Explain hormonal regulation and feedback mechanisms. - Discuss common endocrine disorders (e.g., diabetes mellitus, thyroid dysfunction) and their systemic effects. - Relate endocrine dysfunction to clinical signs and nursing interventions.	Lecture (2 hr)
Week 08	Oedema, Infection control, immunity and healing	Tutorial (2 hr)
Week 09	Topic 9: Musculoskeletal physiology and pathology - Describe bone, muscle, and joint anatomy and physiology. - Explain mechanisms of muscle contraction and skeletal support. - Discuss common musculoskeletal disorders (e.g., osteoporosis, arthritis) and their impact on mobility.	Lecture (2 hr)
Week 10	Topic 10: Digestion and Metabolism - Outline the anatomy and physiology of the gastrointestinal tract. - Explain processes of digestion, absorption, and nutrient metabolism. - Discuss metabolic disorders (e.g., malnutrition, obesity) and their clinical implications. - Relate gastrointestinal dysfunction to observable symptoms and nursing care strategies.	Lecture (2 hr)
Week 10	The musculoskeletal and endocrine systems	Tutorial (2 hr)
Week 11	Topic 11: Revision and Exam prep - Integrate knowledge across all organ systems for clinical application. - Review key pathophysiological principles and nursing implications. - Practise interpreting case scenarios and clinical data. - Develop strategies for effective exam performance and critical thinking	Lecture (2 hr)
Week 11	Alteration in Digestion, Metabolism and Energy production	Tutorial (2 hr)

Attendance and class requirements

Attendance: Attendance and participation are monitored. Students are expected to attend, engage and participate in scheduled classes and required learning activities. Students must notify the school if they are, or will be, unable to attend a required learning activity; and apply for special consideration or special arrangements; or have an academic plan with relevant adjustments, where appropriate.

(a) Students who fail to attend a required learning activity will be recorded as absent.

(b) Students must attend/participate in minimum 90% of all tutorial classes scheduled per unit of study.

(c) At the discretion of the Unit of Study Coordinator, where relevant, an alternative (catch-up) learning activity may be approved and provided to students absent from tutorials due to unforeseen circumstances or with an approved planned absence:

(i) maximum two tutorial absences permitted per unit of study where an approved alternative (catch-up) learning activity is completed.

(ii) where a student satisfactorily completes an approved alternative learning activity, this will be recorded

(d) Students must attend/participate in all practical classes (simulation labs and/or workshops) scheduled per unit of study.

(e) At the discretion of the Unit of Study Coordinator, where relevant, an alternative (catch-up) learning activity may be approved and provided to students absent from practical classes due to unforeseen circumstances or with an approved planned absence:

(i) maximum two practical class absences permitted per unit of study where an approved alternative (catch-up) learning activity is completed.

(ii) where a student satisfactorily completes an approved alternative learning activity, this will be recorded.

(f) Students must attend/participate in any live/synchronous lectures, and view any recorded lectures, specified as compulsory per unit of study.

Note: Students must apply for Special Consideration for absence from any scheduled required learning activity which includes an assessment.

Study commitment

Typically, there is a minimum expectation of 1.5-2 hours of student effort per week per credit point for units of study offered over a full semester. For a 6 credit point unit, this equates to roughly 120-150 hours of student effort in total.

Required readings

Craft, Gordon, Huether, McCance and Brashers. Understanding Pathophysiology: ANZ Edition (current ed.) Elsevier, Sydney (Electronic edition preferred)

Recommended Readings

Bryant B and Knights K. Pharmacology for Health Professionals (current edition) Mosby Elsevier, Sydney

Rossi, S (ed) Australian Medicines Handbook (current ed.) Australian Medicines Handbook Pty Ltd, Adelaide (available online from University of Sydney Library)

Brown, Edwards, H., Buckley, T., Aitken, R. L., & Lewis, S. M. (2020). Lewis’s medical-surgical nursing : assessment and management of clinical problems (5e, Australia and New Zealand edition.). Elsevier Australia. (available online from University of Sydney Library)

Learning outcomes

Learning outcomes are what students know, understand and are able to do on completion of a unit of study. They are aligned with the University's graduate qualities and are assessed as part of the curriculum.

Outcomes
Graduate qualities

At the completion of this unit, you should be able to:

LO1. Describe basic human anatomy and physiological function within the body
LO2. Describe the pathophysiology of selected health priority areas to explain their respective clinical manifestations, prevention, and pharmacological management.
LO3. Synthetise, integrate and apply foundational human bioscience knowledge to specific contexts and situations in health
LO4. Describe how the structure of cells and tissues are related to their roles within selected organs and organ systems.
LO5. Explain pathogenic processes within the human body and their expression as observable alterations to normal anatomy/ physiological function across the lifespan
LO6. Describe how specific organ systems contribute to the maintenance of homeostasis and thereby support overall health.

Graduate qualities

The graduate qualities are the qualities and skills that all University of Sydney graduates must demonstrate on successful completion of an award course. As a future Sydney graduate, the set of qualities have been designed to equip you for the contemporary world.

GQ1	Depth of disciplinary expertise Deep disciplinary expertise is the ability to integrate and rigorously apply knowledge, understanding and skills of a recognised discipline defined by scholarly activity, as well as familiarity with evolving practice of the discipline.
GQ2	Critical thinking and problem solving Critical thinking and problem solving are the questioning of ideas, evidence and assumptions in order to propose and evaluate hypotheses or alternative arguments before formulating a conclusion or a solution to an identified problem.
GQ3	Oral and written communication Effective communication, in both oral and written form, is the clear exchange of meaning in a manner that is appropriate to audience and context.
GQ4	Information and digital literacy Information and digital literacy is the ability to locate, interpret, evaluate, manage, adapt, integrate, create and convey information using appropriate resources, tools and strategies.
GQ5	Inventiveness Generating novel ideas and solutions.
GQ6	Cultural competence Cultural Competence is the ability to actively, ethically, respectfully, and successfully engage across and between cultures. In the Australian context, this includes and celebrates Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultures, knowledge systems, and a mature understanding of contemporary issues.
GQ7	Interdisciplinary effectiveness Interdisciplinary effectiveness is the integration and synthesis of multiple viewpoints and practices, working effectively across disciplinary boundaries.
GQ8	Integrated professional, ethical, and personal identity An integrated professional, ethical and personal identity is understanding the interaction between one’s personal and professional selves in an ethical context.
GQ9	Influence Engaging others in a process, idea or vision.

Outcome map

Learning outcomes	Graduate qualities
Learning outcomes

Responding to student feedback

This section outlines changes made to this unit following staff and student reviews.

Thank you for the thoughtful feedback. We have reviewed your comments carefully and are already making adjustments to improve your experience. Your input is incredibly helpful, and we appreciate you taking the time to share it with us.

Additional information

Sensitive materials in teaching: Please note that in this Unit of Study sensitive and potentially distressing or disturbing content might be presented and/or discussed from time to time. This may include reference to for example, discrimination, assault, suicide, illness, death and dying or culturally sensitive issues (coordinator is to provide examples relevant to their unit). These topics are relevant to your learning in this unit of study and your knowledge and skill development for nursing practice. You will be advised before the information/topic is presented. If you are participating in the teaching session/activity online, you are advised to use headphones and ensure that anyone not participating in the session cannot see images that you may be watching on your device. If the nature of the content makes you feel uncomfortable or distressed, it is important that you contact the unit coordinator or another member of the academic team to discuss this with them.

Disclaimer

Important: the University of Sydney regularly reviews units of study and reserves the right to change the units of study available annually. To stay up to date on available study options, including unit of study details and availability, refer to the relevant handbook.

To help you understand common terms that we use at the University, we offer an online glossary.

Current students

Overview

Overview

Unit details and rules

Teaching staff

Assessment

Assessment

Assessment summary

Assessment criteria

Use of generative artificial intelligence (AI)

Late submission

Academic integrity

Learning support

Learning support

Simple extensions

Special consideration

Using AI responsibly

Support for students

Weekly schedule

Weekly schedule

Attendance and class requirements

Study commitment

Required readings

Learning outcomes

Learning outcomes

Graduate qualities

Outcome map

Responding to student feedback

Responding to student feedback

Additional information

Additional information

Disclaimer

On this page

Useful links

NURS5201: Fundamentals of Human Pathophysiology

Semester 1, 2026 [Normal day] - Westmead, Sydney

Overview

Overview

Unit details and rules

Teaching staff

Assessment

Assessment

Assessment summary

Assessment criteria

Use of generative artificial intelligence (AI)

Late submission

Academic integrity

Learning support

Learning support

Simple extensions

Special consideration

Using AI responsibly

Support for students

Weekly schedule

Weekly schedule

Attendance and class requirements

Study commitment

Required readings

Learning outcomes

Learning outcomes

Graduate qualities

Outcome map

Responding to student feedback

Responding to student feedback

Additional information

Additional information

Disclaimer

On this page

Useful links